MSB KNOWLEDGE LIBRARY · 虚拟货币与支付业务
美国MSB：虚拟货币与支付业务合规指南
围绕美国FinCEN对可兑换虚拟货币的判断，说明支付、钱包、兑换业务的MSB边界、联邦注册、州级许可及AML和制裁合规重点。
当前适用边界：FinCEN MSB 为联邦 BSA 注册，不等于州级 MTL 经营许可、监管背书或银行开户保证。
更新说明
## 先看资金流，而不是产品名称 美国金融犯罪执法网络（FinCEN）把可兑换虚拟货币（CVC）视为可替代货币价值的一种形式。判断重点不是产品叫“加密币”“稳定币”还是“钱包”，而是企业是否以业务方式接收一方的货币、资金或等值价值，再把它传给另一人或另一地点。达到 money transmitter 定义时，通常进入联邦 MSB 规则范围；是否有具体限制或豁免，仍须对实际流程逐项判断。[[FinCEN Guidance: Application of FinCEN’s Regulations to Persons Administering, Exchanging, or Using Virtual Currencies (2013)](https://www.fincen.gov/resources/statutes-regulations/guidance/application-fincens-regulations-persons-administering)] [[FinCEN Guidance FIN-2019-G001: Application of FinCEN Regulations to Certain Business Models Involving Convertible Virtual Currencies](https://www.fincen.gov/system/files/2019-05/FinCEN%20Guidance%20CVC%20FINAL%20508.pdf)] ## 常见模式如何分析 个人买入虚拟货币后用于购买商品或服务，
核验来源
- FinCEN Guidance: Application of FinCEN’s Regulations to Persons Administering, Exchanging, or Using Virtual Currencies (2013)
- FinCEN Guidance FIN-2019-G001: Application of FinCEN Regulations to Certain Business Models Involving Convertible Virtual Currencies
- FinCEN: New Guidance Affirms Its Longstanding Regulatory Framework for Virtual Currencies (2019)
- FinCEN Money Services Business Registration
- FinCEN BSA Requirements for MSBs
- 31 CFR § 1022.210—Anti-money laundering programs for MSBs
- 31 CFR § 1022.320—Suspicious transaction reports by MSBs
- 31 CFR § 1010.311—Filing obligations for reports of transactions in currency
- 31 CFR § 1010.306—Filing of reports
- CSBS: The Reality of Money Transmission—Secure, Convenient, and Trusted Under State Supervision
- OFAC Sanctions Compliance Guidance for the Virtual Currency Industry
核验日期（UTC）：2026-10-22T00:00:00.000Z。本文由仁港永胜（香港）有限公司拟定，并由唐上永（唐生）业务经理讲解；请以监管机关最新公开资料及个案书面确认为准。